SiRNA逆转肺耐药有关蛋白表达介导的白血病细胞多药耐药
李宁 钱新华 王志远 2012-08-30
【摘要】 目的:研究双链短干扰RNA(siRNA)对白血病多药耐药细胞模型(K562/NaB)肺耐药相关蛋白(LRP)表达及功能的影响. 方法: 针对LRP基因设计合成特异性siRNA,在脂质体介导下转染K562/NaB;采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)检测K562细胞LRP mRNA的水平;用流式细胞术检测K562/NaB细胞LRP蛋白表达的变化和细胞内柔红霉素(DNR)的蓄积;MTT法检测阿霉素(ADM)对K562/NaB细胞耐药的半数抑制浓度(IC50). 结果: siRNA转染后:K562/NaB细胞的LRP mRMA水平明显降低;LRP蛋白表达由阳性转为阴性;细胞内DNR的蓄积明显增加,DNR平均荧光增强3.28倍;对ADM药物敏感相对逆转效率为78.18%. 结论: siRNA可逆转由LRP介导的白血病细胞多药耐药. 【关键词】 RNA,小分子干扰;基因,肺耐药相关蛋白;K562细胞;抗药性,多药 【Abstract】 AIM: To investigate the effect of short interfering RNA (siRNA) on expression and function of lung resistancerelated protein (LRP) in the multidrug resistant human leukemia cells (K562/NaB). METHODS: Multidrugresistant K562 cells with high level LRP expression treated with sodium butyrate (NaB), was used as an in vitro model system. LRP specific siRNA was synthesized and transfected into the K562/NaB cells. Expression of LRP mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RTPCR), and protein level and intracellular daunorubicin (DNR) accumulation in K562/NaB cells were detected by flow cytometry. 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of adriamycin (ADM) on K562/NaB cells was detected by MTT method. RESULTS: LRP mRNA level was decreased obviously; the protein expression was turned from positive result to negative result. Intracellular DNR accumulation was increased and the mean fluorescence of DNR was 3.28 times higher. The relative efficiency to ADM was 78.18%. CONCLUSION: The siRNA could effectively reverse the multidrug resistance of leukemia cells induced by LRP. 【Keywords】RNA, small interfering; gene, lung resistancerelated protein; K562 cells; drug resistance, multiple 0引言 肺耐药相关蛋白(lungrelated resistant protein, LRP)是一种新型的与多药耐药(multidrug resistance, MDR)相关的糖蛋白,主要导致细胞内药物聚集缺陷,而在多种肿瘤细胞内引起MDR. 在儿童白血病以及成人髓系白血病(AML)中,LRP表达是独立的预后决定因素之一,其过度表达造成患者对化疗不敏感,提示预后不良[1-2]. 双链短干扰RNA(short interfering RNA, siRNA)介导的RNA干扰(RNA interference, RNAi),是在特异性抑制哺乳动物细胞基因方面的最新突破[3-4]. 我们在建立了经丁酸钠(sodium butyrate, NaB)诱导人AML系 K562细胞,高表达LRP并介导多药耐药的细胞模型(K562/NaB)的基础上[5],设计合成了LRP特异性siRNALRP,并转染上述细胞模型,观察siRNALRP抑制LRP基因和蛋白表达、消除LRP改变细胞内药物蓄积和分布作用的效果,以期为逆转LRP介导的肿瘤细胞MDR、提高儿童难治性和复发性白血病化疗效果探索新的方法,并探讨以siRNA介导的RNAi用于肿瘤细胞MDR治疗的可行性. 1材料和方法 1.1材料 AML细胞系K562细胞购自中国科学院上海细胞生物研究所;单克隆抗体LRP56为Monosan公司产品;固定和破膜试剂盒、藻红蛋白(phycoerythrin,PE)荧光标记羊抗鼠IgG抗体为Caltolog Laboratories产品;NaB为Sigma公司产品. LRP特异性短干涉RNA(siRNALRP)自行设计,由Dharmacon公司合成. 浓度20 μmmol/L,序列:5′ GCU CUU UUC AGU GCC AGA C dTdT (正义链),dTdT CGA GAA AAG UCA CGG UCU G 5′ (反义链). 1.2方法 1.2.1K562细胞培养和高表达 LRP的K562多药耐药细胞模型(K562/N)[10]K562细胞在含100 mL/L小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养基于37℃, 50 ml/L CO2条件下培养. K562细胞在含2 mmol/L NaB的培养液中处理3 d,制作K562细胞高表达LRP的多药耐药细胞模型,命名为K562/NaB. 阴性对照组不加NaB. 1.2.2siRNA转染 实验K562/NaBsiRNA组:取K562/NaB细胞接种于24孔板内,每孔500 μL,浓度为3×108/ L. 分别以无血清RPMI 1640培养液 50 μL稀释siRNALRP, Lipofectamine各1 μL,混匀静置后加入细胞悬液. 再加入NaB使终浓度为2 mmol/L,进行细胞培养. 每24 h以含2 mmol/L NaB的RPMI 1640培养基500 μL换液,连续3 d. 转染后24, 48, 72 h分别取细胞进行相关检测. K562/NaBH2O组:取K562/NaB细胞,以无RNase水代替siRNALRP转染细胞,操作方法、实验条件同siRNA转染组. 取转染72 h细胞进行检测. 对照组: K562/NaB细胞作为阳性对照;原始的K562细胞作为阴性对照. 1.2.3RTPCR方法检测 K562细胞LRP mRNA水平同时取实验和对照组细胞各1×106,以Trizol提取总RNA,以RTPCR检测LRP mRNA水平. 反转录以Oligo(dt)15作为引物,37℃ 1 h. PCR引物:LRP上游引物:5′GAT CCG ACC AGT CAG AAG CCG AG3′,下游引物:5′AAT TCA CTT CTT CAC CTC CAC CTC AGC C3′,扩增产物300 bp. 内对照GAPDH上游引物:5′AAT CCC ATC ACC ATC TTC CA3′,下游引物:5′CCT GCT TCA CCA CCT TCT TG3′,扩增产物590 bp. 扩增条件:95℃ 1 min,然后按94℃ 40 s, 58℃ 45 s, 70℃ 45 s,循环 30次,最后以72℃ 10 min结束反应. RTPCR产物电泳,LRP条带和GAPDH条带吸收峰比值LRP/GAPDH>0.3,视为LRP mRNA表达阳性. 1.2.4流式细胞术检测 K562细胞LRP蛋白表达以LRP的单克隆抗体LRP56为一抗,PE标记的羊抗鼠IgG为二抗,标记各组K562细胞,在流式细胞仪上检测其LRP蛋白的表达情况. 同时取实验和对照组的细胞各1×106,依次加入前固定液、打孔剂和LRP56单抗混合物、PE标记羊抗鼠IgG,避光保存. 各步骤间以含1 ml/L 叠氮钠、100 ml/L 小牛血清的PBS 洗涤细胞2次. 标记4 h内上流式细胞仪检测LRP蛋白表达,LRP阳性细胞>5%视为阳性结果. 1.2.5流式细胞术检测 细胞内柔红霉素(daunorubicin, DNR)蓄积同时取K562/NaBsiRNA组转染72 h的细胞、K562/NaBH2O组和阳性对照、阴性对照细胞各2×106,在含100 mL/L小牛血清的RPMI1640培养基中调整细胞浓度为1×109/L,加入DNR使终浓度为1 μmol/L,于37℃, 50 mL/L CO2,饱和湿度条件下培养2 h. 洗涤后立即以流式细胞仪FL 2通道在相同条件下随机检测10 000个细胞. 以不加DNR的K562细胞作为空白对照. 1.2.6MTT法检测 ADM的IC50同时取K562/NaBsiRNA组转染72 h的细胞、K562/NaBH2O组和阳性对照、阴性对照细胞,调整细胞浓度至1×108/L,在96孔板的各孔中加入180 μL细胞和不同浓度(0.1 μg ~100.0 μg)的ADM,培养72 h后每孔加入20 μL 5 g/L的MTT,继续孵育4 h,570 nm波长处测定吸光度(A)值. 按以下公式分别计算相对逆转效率. 相对逆转效率=(IC50A- IC50B)/(IC50A-IC50C). 其中IC50A是K562/NaB细胞的IC50,IC50B是转染siRNA的K562/NaB细胞的IC50,IC50C是K562细胞的IC50. 统计学处理:采用χ2检验和OneWay ANOVA检验. P<0.05认为具有统计学意义. 2结果 2.1K562/NaB细胞LRP mRNA水平的变化 K562/NaBH2O组、阴性对照、阳性对照LRP mRNA表达阳性,其中阴性对照LRP/GAPDH 0.53,H2O转染组、阳性对照LRP/GAPDH分别为0.96, 0.98,较阴性对照明显升高. K562/NaBsiRNA组中,转染24, 48, 72 h, LRP mRNA检测均为阴性,较K562/NaBH2O组、阳性对照、阴性对照明显减低(图1). 2.2K562/NaB细胞LRP蛋白表达的变化 K562/NaBsiRNA组转染48 h和72 h的细胞、阴性对照细胞LRP表达阴性;K562/NaBsiRNA组转染24 h的细胞、H2O转染组、阳性对照LRP表达阳性. 当阴性对照LRP阳性率为1.77%时,K562/NaBH2O组、阳性对照LRP阳性表达率分别为36.11%和35.10%,后二者LRP表达无明显差异(P>0.05);K562/NaBsiRNA组中,转染24 h, 48 h, 72 h后,LRP阳性率分别为14.98%, 1.39%和1.55%,转染24 h后LRP表达较K562/NaB H2O组、阳性对照明显减少(P<0.01);转染48, 72 h后, LRP阳性表达较转染24 h明显减少(P<0.01).
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