关于shRNA介导的RNAi载体构建及对肝癌耐药细胞MDR1基因表达的抑制
佚名 2012-08-30
作者:秦维超 张有顺 周新 胡礼仪
【摘要】 目的: 重组构建抑制多药耐药MDR1基因表达的shRNA真核表达载体,研究其对肝癌耐药细胞MDR1基因表达的抑制作用,以及对P糖蛋白(Pgp)表达和功能的抑制作用. 方法: 根据MDR1基因序列,设计两段21个碱基的MDR1特异性靶序列作为shRNA目标序列(shMDR11,shMDR12),重组构建pshMDR1表达质粒. 采用脂质体介导转染肝癌耐药细胞SMMC7721/R,用MTT法测定细胞对化疗药物阿霉素(ADM)的敏感性,流式细胞仪检测细胞膜表面P糖蛋白(Pgp)表达和细胞内Rhdaming123(Rh123)的潴留. 结果: PCR和DNA测序证实了pshMDR11和pshMDR12重组质粒的成功构建,均能有效地抑制细胞Pgp表达;转染细胞后均能够一定程度地恢复耐药细胞对化疗药物ADM敏感性,Pgp表达水平明显降低,细胞内的Rh123稳态积累量均明显增高;第1条序列更能有效的抑制MDR1基因表达. 结论: 体外完成shRNA RNAi载体的构建,能有效地逆转肝癌耐药细胞MDR1基因过度表达,抑制Pgp介导的多药耐药. 从DNA载体产生的shRNA在肝癌耐药细胞内能诱导RNAi,能够序列特异性地抑制MDR1基因表达. 【关键词】 RNA干扰;抗药性,多药;短发夹RNA;重组,遗传;质粒;基因表达 【Abstract】 AIM: To construct a recombinant plasmid generating short hairpin RNA(shRNA) containing multidrug resistance gene MDR1 segment in mammalian cells and to investigate its suppression on MDR1 mRNA and Pglycoprotein(Pgp) expressions in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS: Based on the design of two fragments of oligonucleotides for shRNA expression which targeted MDR1 gene (shMDR11, shMDR12), RNAi plasmids (pshMDR1)were constructed and transfected into SMMC7721/R cells by LyoVecTM. Drug sensitivity was measured by MTT assay, Pgp expression and intracellular Rh123 accumulation were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). RESULTS: Recombinant pshMDR1 vectors were identified by PCR and confirmed by sequencing analysis. They could suppress Pgp expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Drug sensitivity was increased significantly after pshRNAMDR1 was transfected in SMMC7721/R cells. The level of Pgp expression was reduced significantly. The intracellular accumulation of Rh123 was increased greatly after pshMDR1 treatment in SMMC7721/R cells. The shMDR11 was more effective in the suppression of MDR1. CONCLUSION: Recombinant pshMDR1 vector can suppress the expressions of MDR1 mRNA and Pgp in SMMC7721/R cells. The inhibitory effect of the shRNA generated from the DNA vector is highly related to the target sites and to the different cell lines. 【Keywords】 RNA interference; drug resistance, multiple; short hairpin RNA; recombination, genetic; plasmids; gene expression 0引言 肿瘤化疗失败的重要原因之一是肿瘤产生多药耐药(multi drug resistance, MDR). 多药耐药基因MDR1基因的过度表达是导致肿瘤细胞产生耐药的重要机制[1-2]. RNA干扰(RNAi)是新近发展起来的一种封闭基因表达的有效方法,它通过将双链RNA(dsRNA)导入细胞后,在Dicer酶的作用下产生有活性的小干扰RNA(siRNA),使与该段RNA同源的目的mRNA产生特异性降解,从而导致特异基因表达抑制的转录后基因沉默现象[3-4]. 本实验我们运用PGE1载体,构建了含多药耐药基因(MDR1)的短发夹状RNA(shRNA)真核表达载体,观察其对肝癌耐药细胞株SMMC7721/R的MDR1, P糖蛋白(Pgp)表达的抑制作用. 1材料和方法 1.1材料 肝癌细胞株SMMC7721为同济医科大学免疫教研室沈关心教授惠赠,本研究所传代培养. SMMC7721/R细胞由本室用阿霉素对其敏感细胞株诱导成功后冻存. 宿主菌大肠埃希氏菌SCS1, PGE1质粒及PGE1阴性对照质粒(shneg), TaqDNA聚合酶,T4DNA连接酶和MgCl2均购自Promega公司,限制性内切酶BamHI和XbaI购自MBI公司,低熔点琼脂糖购自Gibco公司,小量质粒提取试剂盒和回收质粒纯化试剂盒均购自上海申能博彩公司. 转染试剂LyoVecTM为InvivoGen公司产品,抗Pgp抗体为NeoMarkers产品,FITC标记的羊抗鼠IgG为KPL产品,罗丹明123(Rh123)和四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)为Sigma公司产品. 1.2方法 1.2.1引物的设计针对质粒PGE1序列,利用引物设计软件设计PCR引物序列,Forward:5′CGT CGA TTT TTG TGA TGC TCG TCA G3′,Reverse:5′GAA GCA TTT ATC AGG GTT ATT GTC TCA TG3′. 根据GeneBank中的MDR1 mRNA序列设计MDR1引物1:5′ CAGGAGATAGGCTGGTTTGATGGT3′,引物2:5′ TTAGCTTCCAACCACGT GTAAATC3′,其产物为172 bp;引物和DNA片段由上海生工有限公司合成. 1.2.2重组质粒的构建与鉴定 1.2.2.1shRNA的设计与合成按照shRNA的设计原则[5],根据GeneBank MDR1基因已知序列,选取2段含21 nt的MDR1特异性靶序列作为shRNA目标序列(shMDR11: GGA GGC CAA CAT ACA TGC CTT;shMDR12: GAT CGC TAC TGA AGC AAT AGA),在GeneBank数据库进行同源序列搜索,以证明其特异性. 合成该目的序列的反向互补序列,中间通过8 nt的回折序列(GAAGCTTG)将此两段序列相连,形成茎环结构,3′端添加5个T,作为RNA聚合酶Ⅲ的终止子,形成62 nt的寡核苷酸正义链. 1.2.2.2pshRNAMDR1重组质粒的构建合成2对62 nt寡核苷酸链,溶解在ddH2O中,终浓度为0.2 g/L. 正义链和互补链的Oligos退火形成双链DNA(dsDNA),分别与经过酶切回收后的PGE1线性载体连接,得到重组质粒,命名为pshRNAMDR11和pshRNAMDR12. 转化感受态细胞,37℃培养过夜筛选,获得阳性转化子菌落. 1.2.2.3重组质粒的鉴定挑选阳性转化菌落扩增,提取质粒. 用PCR方法初步鉴定,同时设计未带插入片段的PGE1质粒作为对照. 扩增条件:94℃变性3 min;94℃变性30 s,55℃退火30 s,72℃延伸1 min,35个循环后,72℃延伸5 min. 取PCR产物和DNA Marker经50 mol/L的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定. 提取重组质粒,送大连宝生物工程技术服务有限公司进行序列测定. 1.2.3细胞转染培养调整细胞1×1011/L,接种于6孔板,培养: 100 mL/L小牛血清, 37℃, 50 mL/L CO2;待细胞贴壁至80%汇片后,换入无血清RPMI1640培养基,同时分别加入AB混合液(A液: 一定量20 μL的重组质粒稀释于100 μL无血清RPMI 1640中;B液:25 μL脂质体稀释于100 μL无血清RPMI 1640中,混合AB液. )置室温孵育30 min,培养5 h后加小牛血清终止转染,24 h后换完全培养基,然后培养不同时间备用. 同时设立PGE1阴性对照质粒(shneg)转染组.